Insecticides

The Scottish Government allowed a US drug company to secretly rubbish a scientific study blaming one of its pesticides for killing wildlife in Scottish sea lochs. The Sunday Herald has uncovered that the £76 billion New Jersey multinational, Merck, hired reviewers to criticise evidence in a scientific study that the company’s fish farm chemical was causing widespread environmental damage. The scientists behind the study and the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (Sepa) privately protested about Merck’s involvement.

Eating food with high levels of pesticides has an adverse effect on the brain, according to a review of existing scientific evidence commissioned by the European Parliament. The MEPs wanted to know whether organic food was healthier than conventionally grown crops and asked experts to look at the relevant research.

Der Vogelbestand schwindet, die Bienen sterben, kaum Summen und Zwitschern, der Frühling bleibt stumm. Berichte dieses Tenors hat es in den vergangenen Wochen viele gegeben. Der Rückgang der Insekten und Vögel ist eng mit landwirtschaftlichen Monokulturen und dem Einsatz von Pestiziden aller Art verknüpft. Das Umweltbundesamt kommt in einer Stellungnahme aus diesem Frühjahr zu dem Ergebnis, dass das Ausbringen der Mittel „zahlreiche Risiken für die Umwelt einschließlich der biologischen Vielfalt“ berge. Die Biodiversität in der Agrarlandschaft nehme weiter ab.

Wiesen und Weiden in Deutschland sind zunehmend bedroht. Das geht aus Informationen des Bundesamts für Naturschutz (BfN) hervor, die Bundesumweltministerin Barbara Hendricks (SPD) am Mittwoch vorstellte. Demnach besteht für knapp zwei Drittel der 863 in Deutschland vorkommenden Lebensraum-Arten eine "angespannte Gefährdungslage", verursacht unter anderem durch intensive Landwirtschaft.

Until a few decades ago, the popular but falsely reassuring belief was that babies in the womb were perfectly protected by the placenta and that children were just “little adults,” requiring no special protections from environmental threats. We now know that a host of chemicals, pollutants and viruses readily travel across the placenta from mother to fetus, pre-polluting or pre-infecting a baby even before birth.

When Ashtabula County Master Gardeners speak to local groups about creating bird-friendly landscapes, the volunteers are often asked why certain bird species are disappearing from backyard feeders. At times the answer is simply that some birds, like goldfinches (Carduelis carduelis), move from place to place within their territory to ensure a food source isn’t depleted. Another reason is not quite so benign. Many native bird populations are in serious decline because of the loss of habitat and subsequent food sources.

It is the epitome of spring’s awakening but this year the sound of the cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) has become increasingly rare. The bird has declined by two thirds in twenty years. Reasons for its scarcity are unclear but one possibility is associated with its overwintering grounds in Africa. Another factor may be related to the cuckoo’s diet which consists of hairy caterpillars and the larvae of the garden tiger moth that has suffered a massive decline, along with moths in general. Pesticide spraying and grubbing out of hedgerows are probably to blame too.

Einigermaßen ratlos wirken die Experten des Bundes für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland (BUND) angesichts ihrer Daten. Trotz großer und geschützter Auenwälder am Oberrhein, siedeln sich nur wenige Amphibien wie Frösche oder Molche an. Das gilt auch für Fledermäuse. Ihr Lebensraum wird immer besser geschützt, trotzdem bleibt die Population gering. "Wir haben den Verdacht, dass der Rückgang an Insekten dafür ein Grund ist und drängen darauf, dass diese Vermutung wissenschaftlich untersucht wird", sagt Bianca Goll, Biologin beim BUND in Rheinland-Pfalz.

The industrialization of the agricultural sector has increased the chemical burden on natural ecosystems. Pesticides are agrochemicals used in agricultural lands, public health programs, and urban green areas in order to protect plants and humans from various diseases. However, due to their known ability to cause a large number of negative health and environmental effects, their side effects can be an important environmental health risk factor.