Insecticides

Scientists have identified infectious diseases as a key driver of bee population decline and have shown for the first time the extent to which the diseases are shared with other pollinator groups, in research published this week. Researchers from Royal Holloway, University of London, Oxford University and Cornell University have shown that viruses that are harmful to honeybees are also present in hoverfly pollinators. The study suggests that hoverflies are exposed to the same diseases, and may move the infections around when they feed from the same flowers as the honeybees.

Die Menschen in den Industrieländern werden immer dümmer – das ergab jetzt eine besorgniserregende Studie britischer Forscher. Angeblich soll das Team um den englischen Forscher Edward Dutton herausgefunden haben, dass der IQ in vielen westlichen Nationen alle zehn Jahre um etwa zwei Punkte gesunken ist. Für ihr Ergebnis haben Dutton & Co. die Daten von skandinavischen Soldaten untersucht, die bei der Einstellung in den Militärdienst einen Intelligenztest absolvieren mussten.

The phenylpyrazole insecticide fipronil is used in Dutch agriculture in seed coating of cabbage, onions and leek, but was also illegally used as treatment against poultry red mite. Crustaceans and aquatic insects have been shown to be highly sensitive to fipronil and its stable degradation products. An environmental quality standard (EQS) for fipronil in Dutch surface water has been set at 0.07 ng / L.

The widespread use of neonicotinoid insecticides in recent years has led to increasing environmental concern, including impacts to avian populations. In Texas and across their range, Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) habitat frequently overlaps cultivated cropland protected by neonicotinoids.

To better characterize the transport of neonicotinoid insecticides to the world's largest freshwater ecosystem, monthly samples (October 2015–September 2016) were collected from 10 major tributaries to the Great Lakes, USA. For the monthly tributary samples, neonicotinoids were detected in every month sampled and five of the six target neonicotinoids were detected. At least one neonicotinoid was detected in 74% of the monthly samples with up to three neonicotinoids detected in an individual sample (10% of all samples).

In a study of 26 rivers and streams across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland carried out by the Environment Agency and its regional equivalents, the Somerhill Stream had the third highest concentration of the chemicals, after the River Waveney in Norfolk and the River Tame in the West Midlands. The stream in Tonbridge that flows into the River Medway has emerged as the third worst in the country for neonicotinoid pollution, threatening its insect population. Other Kentish rivers such as The Medway and The Beult were not among those tested.

Pesticides are a convenient way to get rid of the pests in our homes and gardens and on the farms that grow the food we eat. Yet, the increased use of pesticides has been linked to a number of serious health risks. Some pesticides are irritating to the skin and eyes. Others, including organophosphates, have been linked to nervous system damage and to the development of Parkinson's disease. Pesticide exposure has also been associated with a greater risk for some cancers, including non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.