Egels

Our gardens become feeding stations for bees, butterflies, bats, hedgehogs, birds and other wildlife provided you don't use pesticides

We grow flowers in our gardens for our own enjoyment. But colour and perfume are really the plants’ way of advertising themselves to insects. Sweet nectar and protein-rich pollen are bait to encourage insects to visit. In return, pollen is carried from one flower to another on their bodies so the flowers are fertilised. Bees are among the most beneficial insects for a garden. The best way to attract them to your garden is to provide them with some of their favourite plants such as lavender, foxgloves, rosemary, sunflowers and bluebells. Flowers with long narrow petal tubes, such as evening primrose and honeysuckle, are visited by moths and butterflies. Only their long tongues can reach deep down to the hidden nectar. Short-tongued insects include many families of flies and some moths. They can only reach nectar in flowers with short florets. Hoverflies, wasps, ladybirds, lacewings, ground beetles and centipedes are the gardener’s friends and will help control garden pests such as aphids and caterpillars. Insects such as spiders, mites, millipedes, sow bugs, ants, springtails and beetles inhabit the soil food web in the uppermost 2 to 8 inches of soil. They participate in decomposing plant and animal residue, cycling nutrients, creating soil structure and controlling the populations of other soil organisms, including harmful crop pests. Decaying organic matter in soil is the source of energy and nutrients for garden vegetables and ornamental plants. By growing flowers attractive to a range of insects, our gardens can also become important feeding stations for bats, hedgehogs, birds and other wildlife. The most important factor when encouraging wildlife into your garden is not to use insecticides.

The biodiversity balancing act: “Therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; it tolls for thee”

Britain’s 30 million hedgehogs have been reduced to 1.3 million in the last 50 years. Three quarters of butterfly species are in decline. Britain has lost three of its 24 species of bumblebee in last 70 years. Moths numbers have dropped by a third since 1968. In the last 100 years, around 60 species of moth have become extinct. There are those who say all this angst about biodiversity is nonsense. But such free-marketers are wrong. Scottish Natural Heritage’s list of over 1,000 threatened species is not dominated by nice furry mammals or dramatic birds of prey, but by obscure lichens, algae, fungi, flowering plants, beetles, and more than 300 other insects on which the chaps at the top of the Mikado’s list depend, including us. “Therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; it tolls for thee.”

Intensive Grünflächenpflege in öffentlichen und privaten Anlagen führt zum Rückgang von Insekten

Der Einsatz von Insektiziden in Gärten, Grünanlagen und in der Landwirtschaft vergiftet Insekten und ihre Jäger - Vögel und Fledermäuse. Intensive Grünflächenpflege in öffentlichen und privaten Anlagen führt zum Rückgang von Insekten und damit zu schwindendem Nahrungsangebot für alle Insekten fressenden Tierarten. Eine englische Studie zeigt auf, dass Haussperlinge auch bei ausreichendem Angebot von geeigneten Brutplätzen eine zu geringe Reproduktionsrate aufweisen, weil die nötigen Insekten zur Jungenaufzucht fehlen – zwei von drei Jahresbruten verhungern, die Bestände sinken. Und in der Tat mangelt es Haussperlingen Passer domesticus in den heutigen Städten nicht nur eklatant an Brutplätzen, sondern auch an Insekten als Nestlingsnahrung, Samen tragenden Wildstauden und –gräsern als Nahrung für die Altvögel und an Sand- und Wasserflächen zur Gefiederpflege. Der Rückgang des einstigen Allerweltsvogels kann als Indikator für die Bestandsentwicklung anderer Stadt bewohnender Tierarten dienen.

Hedgehogs could disappear from Britain within 15 years, a new study has found

It is estimated that there are now around one million hedgehogs in Britain, representing a decline of 25 per cent over the past decade. In some parts of the country, the fall could be as high as 50 per cent. Such is the rate of decline that the long term survival of the hedgehog in Britain is now in doubt. The study was led by Toni Bunnell, a retired zoology lecturer, whose team compiled the league table of species under threat based on how fast their population was dwindling. Dr Bunnell, who runs a hedgehog sanctuary near York, cited a number of reasons for the decline in the population. “Pesticides have eliminated much of their food such as caterpillars and beetles. Then there has been a reduction of habitat in the countryside which they are having to share with predatory badgers,” she told The Daily Telegraph.

Het aantal egels in Nederland is sinds de invoering van neonicotinoide insecticiden gehalveerd

Het gaat zo slecht met de egels in Nederland dat deze op de Rode Lijst van bedreigde zoogdieren zouden moeten komen. Op grond van voorlopig onderzoek lijkt het aantal egels in Nederland in de afgelopen tien jaar gehalveerd. Recentelijk was het voor het eerst ook mogelijk een trend voor egels te berekenen vanuit de jaarlijkse systematische vogeltellingen die worden uitgevoerd door vrijwilligers van SOVON. Bij die tellingen worden ook zoogdieren gezien en geteld. De trend is dat er bijna de helft minder egels zijn in Nederland dan halverwege de jaren negentig (een significante afname in de periode 1994-2008), toen de neonicotinoide insecticiden werden ingevoerd (zie bijlage). De egel komt van nature vooral voor in kleinschalige boerenlandschappen, zoals nog in grote delen van Oost-Nederland zijn te vinden. In deze landschappen met veel houtwallen, heggen, kleine bosjes en rommelhoekjes op erven is voor de egel niet alleen voldoende voedsel te vinden, maar ook veel plek om zich te verschuilen. De egel is ook een bekende verschijning in tuinen in West-Europa. Sinds het overvloedige gebruik van insecticiden zijn er steeds minder egels in onze velden en tuinen. De egel is namelijk een van de grotere insecteneters.