Overige insecten

There has been a lot of discussion about the decline in bee populations and its dire consequences for agriculture. We have also talked about the efforts to save the monarch butterfly, whose numbers have been dropping dramatically over the years. But the rest of the insect world does not get much attention. For the most part, we think of insects as a nuisance or as potential pests. A number of studies in recent years in Germany, Great Britain, and in the United States have concluded that many insect populations worldwide are in severe decline, and this is not a good thing.

Traditional farming and gardening has long taken a straightforward approach: if an unwanted plant or animal interferes, it is to be killed. We even developed a special vocabulary to help justify our actions: the animals were “vermin” and the plants were “weeds”. And, in the case of one hen-house plunderer, we came up with the elaborate ritual that is fox hunting, complete with a special ‘language of avoidance’ that anthropologists have found in cultures around the world (the fox is a “dog”, its face is a “mask”, its tail is a “brush”, the dogs are “hounds”).

Pflanzenschutzmittel aus der Gruppe der Neonicotinoide können nicht nur Honigbienen, sondern auch Wildbienen und Schmetterlinge gefährden. Das zeigen einmal mehr aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse britischer, US-amerikanischer und deutscher Wissenschafter. Für ihre Untersuchung analysierten Forscher um den Entomologen Ben Woodcock, wie sich der großflächige Einsatz von Neonicotinoiden auf 62 Wildbienen-Arten in Großbritannien von 1994 bis 2011 auswirkte. 2002 waren die Pestizide dort erstmals zugelassen worden.

The link has been established before. When we reduce pests with most insecticides, they discriminate too little between friend and foe. We can’t always see butterflies as friends because of the function of their caterpillars. However, as birds, reptiles and mammals rely on these insects and their relatives for food, what happens is simply Silent Spring, all over again.

Abholzung, Umwandlung in Ackerland und Wilderei – weltweit gibt es kaum noch naturbelassene Wälder. Der Eingriff des Menschen belastet nicht nur den Wald von heute, sondern auch den von morgen. Vor allem Prozesse der Bestäubung und Samenausbreitung, die den Nachwuchs von Wäldern maßgeblich bestimmen, seien beeinträchtigt, berichten jetzt Forscher der Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung und der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt.

The rivers that serve as the lifeblood of the Great Lakes abound with organic waste compounds, including pollutants from car exhaust, factory smokestacks and tar, insecticides and herbicides and detergent ingredients. And three Michigan rivers are among the worst of the worst for the compounds: the Clinton and Rouge rivers in Southeast Michigan and the St. Joseph in Southwest Michigan, according to a recently published study by the U.S. Geological Survey — the most comprehensive look yet at organic waste compounds in Great Lakes tributaries. The Clinton, Rouge and St.

Structural and functional responses of a benthic macroinvertebrate assemblage to pulses of the insecticide imidacloprid were assessed in outdoor stream mesocosms. Imidacloprid pulses reduced invertebrate abundance and community diversity in imidacloprid-dosed streams compared to control streams. These results correlated well with effects of imidacloprid on leaf litter decomposition and feeding rates of Pteronarcys comstocki, a stonefly, in artificial streams. Reductions in oxygen consumption of stoneflies exposed to imidacloprid were also observed in laboratory experiments.

A NEW strategic conservation plan to stop the decline of black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) in southern Scotland has been launched. The new plan has been funded by project partners the Game and Wildlife Conservation Trust, Forestry Commission Scotland, Scottish Natural Heritage, the Lammermuirs Moorland Group, Scottish Borders Council and RSPB Scotland. The long term decline of black grouse in the region has accelerated in recent decades, with numbers falling by 49% and 69% in south west and south east Scotland respectively between 1995/6 and 2005, to an estimated 807 and 257 males.

Evening grosbeaks (Coccothraustes vespertinus) are Western birds and were once rare east of the Rocky Mountains. But during the late 1800s, each successive winter found them a little farther east. By 1910 they had reached Rhode Island. For many years evening grosbeaks enjoyed prosperity in the East. However, over the past 50 years evening grosbeak numbers have declined. Scientists have documented a 97 percent decline in Eastern populations. They mostly forage at the tops of tall coniferous trees looking for insects.